How to Cite Your Resources
The List of Works Cited
As the heading Works Cited indicates, this list contains only the works and resources you actually cite in your text. Any resources actually used in the preparation of your written research paper should be included. If you looked at seven books and interviewed three people, but only refer to the information from four of those books and two of the interviews, only those six sources would appear on the Works Cited page of your research paper. Every item on the Works Cited page should appear in the parenthetical documentation within your written report (see below).
NOTE:
ØLines after the first line of each entry are indented.
ØThe entire list is double spaced.
ØEntries are listed in alphabetical order using the author's last name, title or first entry word.
ØEntries are not numbered.
Parenthetical Documentation
You must indicate to your readers exactly what information you used from each source and exactly where in the work you found the material. The most practical way to supply this information is to insert a brief parenthetical reference in your paper wherever you incorporate another's words, facts or ideas. Usually the author's last name and a page reference are enough to identify the source and the specific location from which you borrowed the material. Sources without page numbers would use the author's name only and sources without authors would use the title or a shortened version of it. Use these parenthetical references for all quoted material, as well as for all other ideas that come from outside sources (MLA Handbook).
Example:
It is important to remember when preparing the written report that "references in the text must clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited' (MLA Handbook 184).
To help you correctly cite your sources you may use the following:
Easybib http://www.easybib.com/
Citing a Print Image (a picture cut with scissors from a book, magazine, etc.)
Berryman, Liz. "Market in Lijiang." Photograph. Ferroa, Peggy. China.
New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2002, 37.
Citing an Online Image
IMAGES OR PICTURES THAT YOU USE IN A PRESENTATION OR PAPER MUST BE CITED. Only those that are obtained from royalty free clip art, such as the clip art built into Microsoft Word or Powerpoint do not need to be cited. If you are citing an image found by Google Images or any other image retrieval service, be certain to cite the image in its original context. See the example on the next page. If you are doing a project, put all of the citations in alphabetical order on your Works Cited page and also put the web address under the image. If you are not doing a Works Cited page, put the full citation under the image.
Associated Press. “White House Holiday Card.” Photo. 03 Dec. 1997. AP Photo Archive.
1 October 2007 < http://accuweather.ap.org>.
Suzuki, Lea. "Mick Jaggar." Photo. 14 Nov. 2005. SFGate.com. 1 October 2007
<http://sfgate.com.
1. Arrange all sources alphabetically by the first word in the entry.
2. Do not put numbers in front of each entry.
3. When a piece of information is missing, skip it and move everything else over.
4. Double space all lines.
5. Indent the second and following lines 5 spaces (1 Tab).
6. If no author is given, start with the title.
7. Use the most recent copyright date.
8. Use the first city of publication when there is more than one.
9. Abbreviate the names of all months except May, June, and July.
10. For Internet images, cite the source from which you took the image.
11. If a URL is too long, give the URL of the search page or the home page.
12. A bibliography is a list of sources containing your research topic.
13. A works cited page contains the sources you actually used.
14. These pages contain examples for the sources you will use the most.
15. This complete guide is posted on Edline under Graduation Project.
Sample Research Paper
Margaret Dumont
Mr. Groucho Marx
Graduation Project
1 March 2000
Producing a Newspaper
Ever since I was a small child I have enjoyed reading newspapers. Prior to the time when I could read, I would look at the comics and pictures and pretend I could read while my parents browsed their favorite sections. Now that I am able to actually read the newspaper, I am very interested in this form of communication. I am amazed that important events that occur around us are so quickly detailed, printed, and distributed to a large population. Because of my interest and enjoyment of newspapers, I decided I would like to learn more about producing a newspaper. I chose to research this topic for my graduation project. My goal is to learn what is involved in producing a newspaper.
Producing a newspaper requires coordinating many departments and skills. Editors, reporters, and photographers are on the frontlines and under pressure to meet deadlines. Supporting their efforts may be other people, including truck drivers, printing-press operators, advertising salespeople, and artists. Gathering the news is the first step in the production of a newspaper. A paper gets the news it prints from two mains sources: its own reporters and wire services.
Dumont 2
A newspaper employs several types of reporters. Many reporters cover a specialty called a beat. Some beat reporters are assigned to particular buildings, including city hall, police headquarters, and the criminal courts (Gross 166). Other beat reporters cover a particular subject, such as science, education, and consumer affairs. Certain other reporters, called “general assignment reporters, cover any story to which they are assigned or which they find on their own” (Lyons 42). A general assignment reporter may assist a beat reporter if too many stories break on a beat for one person to handle.
The news staff of a big-city paper also includes investigative reporters and stringers. Investigative reporters search out and expose wrongdoing. They may work weeks on end to get a story or a series of stories. Stringers do not work full time for a paper, but do occasionally turn in a story. Many stringers for big-city newspapers have a regular job with a suburban paper or small radio station (Newsreel 22).
The copy editor must then check the reporters’ stories. Usually, the stories are prepared on computers that are on a network. The copy editor can call up the story and edit it directly on the network.
Editorial writers hold meetings and select topics for the editorials. Feature writers prepare stories on subjects they think would interest the newspaper’s
*This paper would continue following this format through its completion.
Dumont 12
Works Cited
Gross, Gerald. Editors on Editing. New York: Grossett & Dunlap, 1997.
Lyons, Louis and Thomas Penn. (2000 Jan. 7). “Reporting the News”. Business Week. [Online], 42-3. Available: EBSCOhost [2000, Feb. 2].
Martin, Jack. “Editing the News for Everyone.” Newsweek 18 June 1999: 23-4.
Miller, John. (1999, Feb. 15). Working for a Newspaper. New York Times [CD-ROM], E 4. Available: ProQuest Searchware - The New York Times Ondisc [2000, Jan. 23].
Newsroom Problems and Policies. New York: Dover Publications, 1996.
Smith, Beth. Newspaper Careers. The Encyclopedia of Careers. Third Edition. New York: Macmillan, c1998. Electric Library. [Online]. Available: www.elibrary.com [1999 Dec. 6].
The List of Works Cited
As the heading Works Cited indicates, this list contains only the works and resources you actually cite in your text. Any resources actually used in the preparation of your written research paper should be included. If you looked at seven books and interviewed three people, but only refer to the information from four of those books and two of the interviews, only those six sources would appear on the Works Cited page of your research paper. Every item on the Works Cited page should appear in the parenthetical documentation within your written report (see below).
NOTE:
ØLines after the first line of each entry are indented.
ØThe entire list is double spaced.
ØEntries are listed in alphabetical order using the author's last name, title or first entry word.
ØEntries are not numbered.
Parenthetical Documentation
You must indicate to your readers exactly what information you used from each source and exactly where in the work you found the material. The most practical way to supply this information is to insert a brief parenthetical reference in your paper wherever you incorporate another's words, facts or ideas. Usually the author's last name and a page reference are enough to identify the source and the specific location from which you borrowed the material. Sources without page numbers would use the author's name only and sources without authors would use the title or a shortened version of it. Use these parenthetical references for all quoted material, as well as for all other ideas that come from outside sources (MLA Handbook).
Example:
It is important to remember when preparing the written report that "references in the text must clearly point to specific sources in the list of works cited' (MLA Handbook 184).
To help you correctly cite your sources you may use the following:
Easybib http://www.easybib.com/
Citing a Print Image (a picture cut with scissors from a book, magazine, etc.)
- Image author's last name, first name if available, followed by a period and a space
- Title of photo followed by a period, in quotation marks. If no title, describe briefly within quotation marks.
- Descriptive word (photo, map, cartoon, drawing, graph, chart, image, etc,) followed by a period and a space
- The remaining citation information should follow the appropriate format for the source, i.e. book, newspaper, magazine, etc.
- Complete the entry by adding the page number for the image followed by a period.
Berryman, Liz. "Market in Lijiang." Photograph. Ferroa, Peggy. China.
New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2002, 37.
Citing an Online Image
IMAGES OR PICTURES THAT YOU USE IN A PRESENTATION OR PAPER MUST BE CITED. Only those that are obtained from royalty free clip art, such as the clip art built into Microsoft Word or Powerpoint do not need to be cited. If you are citing an image found by Google Images or any other image retrieval service, be certain to cite the image in its original context. See the example on the next page. If you are doing a project, put all of the citations in alphabetical order on your Works Cited page and also put the web address under the image. If you are not doing a Works Cited page, put the full citation under the image.
- Image creator's last name, first name, if available, or page author's name if available, followed by a period and a space
- Title of photo followed by a period, in quotation marks. If no title, describe briefly within quotation marks.
- Descriptive word (image) followed by a period and a space
- Website publication date in DD Mo. YYYY format followed by a period and a space
- Website title underlined or in italics, followed by a period and a space
- Date image was viewed in DD Mo. YYYY format followed by a space
- Web address in angle brackets, followed by a period
Associated Press. “White House Holiday Card.” Photo. 03 Dec. 1997. AP Photo Archive.
1 October 2007 < http://accuweather.ap.org>.
Suzuki, Lea. "Mick Jaggar." Photo. 14 Nov. 2005. SFGate.com. 1 October 2007
<http://sfgate.com.
1. Arrange all sources alphabetically by the first word in the entry.
2. Do not put numbers in front of each entry.
3. When a piece of information is missing, skip it and move everything else over.
4. Double space all lines.
5. Indent the second and following lines 5 spaces (1 Tab).
6. If no author is given, start with the title.
7. Use the most recent copyright date.
8. Use the first city of publication when there is more than one.
9. Abbreviate the names of all months except May, June, and July.
10. For Internet images, cite the source from which you took the image.
11. If a URL is too long, give the URL of the search page or the home page.
12. A bibliography is a list of sources containing your research topic.
13. A works cited page contains the sources you actually used.
14. These pages contain examples for the sources you will use the most.
15. This complete guide is posted on Edline under Graduation Project.
Sample Research Paper
Margaret Dumont
Mr. Groucho Marx
Graduation Project
1 March 2000
Producing a Newspaper
Ever since I was a small child I have enjoyed reading newspapers. Prior to the time when I could read, I would look at the comics and pictures and pretend I could read while my parents browsed their favorite sections. Now that I am able to actually read the newspaper, I am very interested in this form of communication. I am amazed that important events that occur around us are so quickly detailed, printed, and distributed to a large population. Because of my interest and enjoyment of newspapers, I decided I would like to learn more about producing a newspaper. I chose to research this topic for my graduation project. My goal is to learn what is involved in producing a newspaper.
Producing a newspaper requires coordinating many departments and skills. Editors, reporters, and photographers are on the frontlines and under pressure to meet deadlines. Supporting their efforts may be other people, including truck drivers, printing-press operators, advertising salespeople, and artists. Gathering the news is the first step in the production of a newspaper. A paper gets the news it prints from two mains sources: its own reporters and wire services.
Dumont 2
A newspaper employs several types of reporters. Many reporters cover a specialty called a beat. Some beat reporters are assigned to particular buildings, including city hall, police headquarters, and the criminal courts (Gross 166). Other beat reporters cover a particular subject, such as science, education, and consumer affairs. Certain other reporters, called “general assignment reporters, cover any story to which they are assigned or which they find on their own” (Lyons 42). A general assignment reporter may assist a beat reporter if too many stories break on a beat for one person to handle.
The news staff of a big-city paper also includes investigative reporters and stringers. Investigative reporters search out and expose wrongdoing. They may work weeks on end to get a story or a series of stories. Stringers do not work full time for a paper, but do occasionally turn in a story. Many stringers for big-city newspapers have a regular job with a suburban paper or small radio station (Newsreel 22).
The copy editor must then check the reporters’ stories. Usually, the stories are prepared on computers that are on a network. The copy editor can call up the story and edit it directly on the network.
Editorial writers hold meetings and select topics for the editorials. Feature writers prepare stories on subjects they think would interest the newspaper’s
*This paper would continue following this format through its completion.
Dumont 12
Works Cited
Gross, Gerald. Editors on Editing. New York: Grossett & Dunlap, 1997.
Lyons, Louis and Thomas Penn. (2000 Jan. 7). “Reporting the News”. Business Week. [Online], 42-3. Available: EBSCOhost [2000, Feb. 2].
Martin, Jack. “Editing the News for Everyone.” Newsweek 18 June 1999: 23-4.
Miller, John. (1999, Feb. 15). Working for a Newspaper. New York Times [CD-ROM], E 4. Available: ProQuest Searchware - The New York Times Ondisc [2000, Jan. 23].
Newsroom Problems and Policies. New York: Dover Publications, 1996.
Smith, Beth. Newspaper Careers. The Encyclopedia of Careers. Third Edition. New York: Macmillan, c1998. Electric Library. [Online]. Available: www.elibrary.com [1999 Dec. 6].
